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中华心脏与心律电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (02) : 86 -93. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-6568.2024.02.004

结构性心脏病

靶向药物联合缺损修复在成人先天性心脏病相关重度肺动脉高压的应用
刘鑫1, 裴思雨1, 李志强1, 陈成文1, 傅硕1, 卢领1, 孙楠楠2, 程守全1, 谢冰1, 张诗文1, 王诚1,()   
  1. 1. 221002 徐州,徐州医科大学附属医院心内科
    2. 221002 徐州,徐州医科大学附属医院心内科;400000 重庆,重庆市公共卫生医疗救治中心综合内科
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-14 出版日期:2024-06-25
  • 通信作者: 王诚

Application of targeted drugs combined with defect repair in severe pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease in adults

Xin Liu1, Siyu Pei1, Zhiqiang Li1, Chengwen Chen1, Shuo Fu1, Ling Lu1, Nannan Sun2, Shouquan Cheng1, Bing Xie1, Shiwen Zhang1, Cheng Wang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
    2. Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China; Comprehensive Internal Medicine of Chongqing Public Health Medical treatment Center, Chongqing 400000, China
  • Received:2023-08-14 Published:2024-06-25
  • Corresponding author: Cheng Wang
引用本文:

刘鑫, 裴思雨, 李志强, 陈成文, 傅硕, 卢领, 孙楠楠, 程守全, 谢冰, 张诗文, 王诚. 靶向药物联合缺损修复在成人先天性心脏病相关重度肺动脉高压的应用[J/OL]. 中华心脏与心律电子杂志, 2024, 12(02): 86-93.

Xin Liu, Siyu Pei, Zhiqiang Li, Chengwen Chen, Shuo Fu, Ling Lu, Nannan Sun, Shouquan Cheng, Bing Xie, Shiwen Zhang, Cheng Wang. Application of targeted drugs combined with defect repair in severe pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease in adults[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Heart and Heart Rhythm(Electronic Edition), 2024, 12(02): 86-93.

目的

评估肺动脉高压靶向药物与随后的缺损闭合相结合的策略(Treat and Repair策略)临床应用的有效性及安全性。

方法

本研究为回顾性研究,纳入2017年1月至2022年10月于徐州医科大学附属医院就诊的先天性心脏病相关肺动脉高压(CHD-PAH)且已完善右心导管(RHC)检查的重度肺动脉高压(PAH)患者。所有患者予靶向药物治疗,根据治疗后是否行缺损闭合术分为手术组和非手术组。比较两组之间及靶向药物治疗前后心功能[世界卫生组织(WHO)分级]、6 min步行距离(6MWD)、氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、右心房内径、超声心动图估测肺动脉收缩压(PASPE)、肺血管阻力(PVR)、RHC测量肺动脉收缩压(PASPC)、肺体循环血流比(Qp/Qs)等指标。采用Logistic回归分析影响患者能否安全闭合缺损的相关因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析各指标在预测患者能否安全闭合缺损方面的价值。

结果

共纳入41例患者,年龄(46.93±14.57)岁,范围(24~73)岁,其中男11例(26.9%,11/41),手术组16例,非手术组25例。基线时,手术组肺动脉平均压(mPAP)、PVR低于非手术组(P=0.011和P<0.001),Qp/Qs高于非手术组(P=0.011)。经过靶向药物治疗,两组患者心功能(WHO分级)均较治疗前改善,6MWD较治疗前延长,NT-proBNP、右心房内径、PASPE较治疗前降低(P均<0.05)。与初诊时相比,手术组PVR下降(5.52 WU对4.03 WU,P<0.001),非手术组PVR下降(12.80 WU对11.59 WU,P=0.115);多因素Logistic回归分析显示PVR是采用Treat and Repair策略后能否行缺损闭合术的独立预测因子(OR=0.557,95%CI 0.339~0.914,P=0.020)。ROC曲线分析表明,PVR截断值为7.09 WU时曲线下面积最大(AUC=0.872,95%CI 0.762~0.983,P<0.001),对应敏感度为75.0%,特异度为92.1%。

结论

按照既往适应证判断,部分失去手术机会的重度CHD-PAH患者采用Treat and Repair策略,可以成功闭合缺损。基线PVR是患者采用Treat and Repair策略后,能否成功闭合缺损的独立预测因子,截断值为7.09 WU。靶向药物可以改善重度CHD-PAH患者的心功能和运动耐量。

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining targeted pulmonary hypertension drugs with subsequent defect closure (Treat and Repair strategy) in clinical application.

Methods

Patients with severe pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (CHD-PAH) who had completed right cardiac catheterization (RHC) were retrospectively enrolled in Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2017 to October 2022. All patients were treated with targeted drugs ,and were divided into surgical groups and non-surgical groups according to whether the defect was closed after treatment. Heart function [World Health Organization (WHO)], 6-minite walking distance (6MWD), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), right atrial diameter, pulmonary artery systolic pressure (echocardiography measurement, PASPE), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (RHC measurement, PASPc), pulmonary flow to systemic flow ratio (Qp/Qs) and other relevant indicators were compared between the two groups, and before and after targeted drug therapy. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors affecting whether the patients could close the defect safely. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of each index in predicting whether the patient could safely close the defect.

Results

A total of 41 patients were included, including 16 patients in the surgical group and 25 patients in the non-surgical group. At initial diagnosis, the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and PVR in the surgery group were lower than those in the non-surgery group (P=0.011, P<0.001,respectively), and Qp/Qs was higher than that in the non-surgery (P=0.011). After targeted drug therapy, compared with before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in right ventricular diameter between the two groups (P>0.05). Heart function (WHO) was improved, 6MWD was higher than before treatment, NT-proBNP, right atrial diameter and PASPE were lower than before treatment (P<0.05). Compared with the initial diagnosis, PVR decreased in the operation group (5.52 WU vs. 4.03 WU, P<0.05) and PVR in the non-operation group (12.80 WU vs. 11.59 WU, P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that PVR was an independent predictor of closure after "Treat and Repair"strategy (OR=0.557, 95%CI 0.339-0.914, P=0.020). ROC curve analysis showed that PVR had the largest area under the curve (AUC=0.872, 95%CI 0.762-0.983, P<0.001), truncation value was 7.09, corresponding sensitivity was 75.0%, specificity was 92.1%.

Conclusion

According to previous indications, some patients with severe CHD-PAH who lost the opportunity for surgery could successfully close the defect by using the strategy of "Treat and Repair". Baseline PVR was an independent predictor of successful closure of the defect after "Treat and Repair". The cut-off value of baseline PVR was 7.09 WU. Targeted drugs can improve cardiac function and exercise tolerance in patients with severe CHD-PAH.

图1 入选及靶向药物联合缺损修复策略应用的研究流程图CHD-PAH为先天性心脏病相关肺动脉高压,6MWD为6 min步行距离
表1 手术组与非手术组重度肺动脉高压患者基线资料
表2 25例非手术组重度肺动脉高压患者治疗前后相关指标
表3 16例手术组重度肺动脉高压患者治疗前后相关指标
表4 手术组与非手术组重度肺动脉高压患者治疗后相关指标比较
图2 手术组与非手术组重度肺动脉高压患者世界卫生组织(WHO)分级治疗前后变化
表5 预测重度肺动脉高压患者是否可行缺损闭合术的多因素Logistic回归分析
图3 预测重度肺动脉高压患者是否可行缺损闭合术的受试者工作特征曲线PASPE为右心导管测量肺动脉收缩压,SaO2为动脉血氧饱和度,PVR为肺血管阻力,mPAP为肺动脉平均压,Qp/Qs为肺体循环血流比
表6 预测重度肺动脉高压患者是否可行缺损闭合术的ROC分析
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