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中华心脏与心律电子杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (04) : 197 -203. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-6568.2022.04.002

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冠状动脉病变

抑郁对急性冠脉综合征患者经皮冠状动脉介入术后心血管预后影响的真实世界研究
李文远1, 吴昊谕1, 郝翔1, 王晨1, 徐晨博1, 郭曼云1, 王丽君1, 周娟1, 吴岳1, 袁祖贻1, 熊英1,()   
  1. 1. 710061 西安,西安交通大学第一附属医院心血管内科
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-30 出版日期:2022-12-25
  • 通信作者: 熊英
  • 基金资助:
    西安交通大学第一附属医院临床研究课题重点项目(XJTU1AF-CRF-2016-004)

Impact of depression on the cardiovascular prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary interventions: a real-world study

Wenyuan Li1, Haoyu Wu1, Xiang Hao1, Chen Wang1, Chenbo Xu1, Manyun Guo1, Lijun Wang1, Juan Zhou1, Yue Wu1, Zuyi Yuan1, Ying Xiong1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
  • Received:2022-09-30 Published:2022-12-25
  • Corresponding author: Ying Xiong
引用本文:

李文远, 吴昊谕, 郝翔, 王晨, 徐晨博, 郭曼云, 王丽君, 周娟, 吴岳, 袁祖贻, 熊英. 抑郁对急性冠脉综合征患者经皮冠状动脉介入术后心血管预后影响的真实世界研究[J/OL]. 中华心脏与心律电子杂志, 2022, 10(04): 197-203.

Wenyuan Li, Haoyu Wu, Xiang Hao, Chen Wang, Chenbo Xu, Manyun Guo, Lijun Wang, Juan Zhou, Yue Wu, Zuyi Yuan, Ying Xiong. Impact of depression on the cardiovascular prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary interventions: a real-world study[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Heart and Heart Rhythm(Electronic Edition), 2022, 10(04): 197-203.

目的

为中国急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者合并抑郁的现状以及抑郁对ACS患者心血管预后的影响提供有力的流行病学资料。

方法

连续入选2017年4月到2019年4月因ACS在西安交通大学第一附属医院心内科接受经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)治疗的患者,记录患者主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的发生以及评估抑郁症筛查量表(PHQ)。分析患者的抑郁评分变化以及与MACE发生的关系,计算MACE发生风险,分析不同时间点发生的抑郁对MACE发生的影响,最后利用时间依赖变量分析(Cox回归模型以及联合模型)探讨重复测量的抑郁对于MACE发生的风险。

结果

入组并完成随访910例ACS患者,其中女210例,年龄60(53,66)岁,抑郁患者占比达26.4%(240/910)。基线抑郁是ACS患者MACE发生的独立危险因素[HR=2.42,95%CI 1.8~3.26, P<0.001]。人群归因分数(PAF)分析显示与基线抑郁相比,末次访视抑郁与MACE发生的关系更为密切[30.16%对18.75%]。同时,时间依存协变量分析显示重复测量的抑郁是MACE发生的独立危险因素(HR=4.01,95%CI 2.97~5.41, P<0.001)。

结论

ACS患者合并抑郁并不少见,入组基线以及重复测量的抑郁显著增加了ACS患者心血管不良预后的风险,需重视该类患者并进行必要的定期抑郁评估。

Objective

To evaluate the condition of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients comorbid with depression in China and the effect of depression on their cardiovascular prognosis.

Methods

From April 2017 to April 2019, patients were consecutively enrolled who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ACS in Department of Cardiology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), as well as patient health questionnaire (PHQ) self-rating scales were evaluated at each visit. Different trajectories of time-varying PHQ scores and their relationship with MACE were identified. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) for MACE. Population attributable fractions (PAF) of depression at different time were analyzed to evaluate their contributions to MACE. Finally, time-dependent covariate analyses of repeated measurements of depression were conducted in time-dependent cox models and joint models to estimate the HR of the depression for MACE.

Results

A total of 910 patients with ACS and accepted follow-ups were recruited, including 210 females, aged 60 (53, 66) years, and the proportion of patients with depression was 26.4%(240/910). We found that baseline depression was the independent risk factor for MACE (HR=2.42, 95%CI 1.8-3.26, P<0.001). The PAF of depression at last visit was higher (30.16%) than the PAF of baseline depression (18.75%). Repeated measurements of depression were the independent risk factors of MACE (HR=4.01, 95%CI 2.97-5.41, P<0.001).

Conclusion

Depression is common in ACS patients. Both baseline depression and repeated measurements of depression could increase the risk of MACE. More attention and regular screen need to be paid to these patients.

表1 抑郁组与无抑郁组急性冠脉综合征患者的基线特征
项目 所有人 无抑郁组 抑郁组 P
例数 910 670 240
年龄[岁,M(IQR)] 60.0 (53.0,66.0) 60.0 (54.0,67.0) 59.0 (52.0,66.0) 0.199
女[例(%)] 210 (23.1) 150 (22.4) 60 (25.0) 0.462
体重指数 [kg/m2M(IQR)] 24.9 (23.1,26.8) 24.8 (23.1,26.8) 24.9 (23.0,26.8) 0.877
教育水平[例(%)] 0.128

文盲

47 (5.16) 28 (4.18) 19 (7.92)

小学

137 (15.1) 103 (15.4) 34 (14.2)

中学

532 (58.5) 399 (59.6) 133 (55.4)

大专及以上

194 (21.3) 140 (20.9) 54 (22.5)
已婚[例(%)] 900 (98.9) 665 (99.3) 235 (97.9) 0.140
独居[例(%)] 78 (8.57) 50 (7.46) 28 (11.7) 0.063
城市人口[例(%)] 558 (61.3) 422 (63.0) 136 (56.7) 0.099
收入水平[例(%)] 0.630

193 (21.2) 138 (20.6) 55 (22.9)

中低

367 (40.3) 266 (39.7) 101 (42.1)

中高

277 (30.4) 211 (31.5) 66 (27.5)

73 (8.02) 55 (8.21) 18 (7.50)
吸烟史[例(%)] 469 (51.5) 338 (50.4) 131 (54.6) 0.305
合并症[例(%)]

高血压

536 (58.9) 394 (58.8) 142 (59.2) 0.983

糖尿病

258 (28.4) 195 (29.1) 63 (26.2) 0.448
ACS:UA[例(%)] 655 (72.0) 469 (70.0) 186 (77.5) 0.033
GS评分[分,M(IQR)] 55.0 (36.0,86.0) 56.0 (36.0,86.8) 52.0 (36.0,84.0) 0.727
甘油三酯[mmol/L,M(IQR)] 1.38 (1.02,1.97) 1.38 (1.01,1.97) 1.39 (1.04,1.97) 0.717
总胆固醇[mmol/L,M(IQR)] 3.79 (3.18,4.53) 3.80 (3.18,4.51) 3.78 (3.20,4.56) 0.664
低密度脂蛋白[mmol/L,M(IQR)] 2.18 (1.66,2.81) 2.18 (1.64,2.79) 2.20 (1.72,2.90) 0.447
高密度脂蛋白[mmol/L,M(IQR)] 0.92 (0.79,1.07) 0.91 (0.78,1.06) 0.95 (0.80,1.10) 0.073
糖化血红蛋白[%,M(IQR)] 5.70 (5.40,6.50) 5.80 (5.40,6.50) 5.70 (5.40,6.40) 0.263
氨基末端脑钠肽前体[pg/ml,M(IQR)] 171 (67.8,509) 179 (70.5,538) 149 (63.2,414) 0.149
eGFR[ml·min-1·(1.73m2-1M(IQR)] 101 (92.6,108) 100 (91.9,108) 103 (94.4,109) 0.066
表2 抑郁组与无抑郁组急性冠脉综合征患者出院后随访数据
图1 抑郁组与无抑郁组的PHQ评分趋势以及所有个体的PHQ评分[1A为随距离基线时间的PHQ评分变化;1B为随距离MACE或随访结束时间的PHQ评分变化;图中散点为所有患者不同时间对应的PHQ评分,实线曲线为平均估计PHQ评分的变化趋势,虚线为95%CIPHQ为抑郁症筛查量表评分,MACE为主要不良心血管事件
表3 基线抑郁及PHQ评分对MACE发生风险的Cox回归分析
图2 抑郁组与无抑郁组急性冠脉综合征患者累积主要不良心血管事件(MACE)发生率
图3 基线以及末次访视抑郁对MACE发生的PAF[基线抑郁PAF=18.75%, 95%CI 5.31~32.2%,末次访视抑郁PAF=30.16% , 95%CI 17.99~42.32%]PAF为人群归因分数,误差棒为95%CI
表4 重复测量抑郁及PHQ评分对MACE的发生风险
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